Showing posts with label Savannah 300. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Savannah 300. Show all posts

Thursday, May 14, 2015

Mooresville, North Carolina's Gray Sloop - Episode #34

May 14, 2015
Updated - May 20, 2015

By: David L. Morrill
@MototiqueRacing
Sylacauga, Alabama


Mooresville, North Carolina's Gray Sloop
Specht's Harley-Davidson Birmingham, Alabama
O.V. Hunt Collection - July 1914 (cropped)

Several years ago, I was researching the 1913 & 14 Savannah 300 Road Races for another episode.   I ran across O. C. Stonestreet's article Gray Sloop, Motorcycle Racer.  Gray Sloop of Mooresville, North Carolina was one of two riders killed in racing accidents during the 1914 Savannah 300 Mile Road Race. Mr. Stonestreet incorporated the article as a Chapter in his book They Called Iredell County Home, and it is shared here with his permission. Thank you, Mr. Stonestreet, for sharing your work.

Gray Sloop, Motorcycle Racer

By: O. C. Stonestreet

After referring to itself as "Port City of Lake Norman," for some time now Mooresville, North Carolina, has taken to calling itself "Race City, USA."  Nearly a century ago there was a Mooresville man whose life and achievements might serve to bolster Mooresville's new sobriquet. His name was Gray Sloop.


Gray Sloop was born in Mooresville in August of 1889, the only son of Augustus J. and Dovie Ann Sloop. Gray's father passed away in July of 1904, leaving the 15-year-old as the man of the family.

Parade in Downtown Moooresville, N.C. - 1911
Gray Sloop with Indian Motocycle (far right)
O. C. Stonestreet Collection
It is unclear just when young Sloop began making a name for himself in racing circles, but he was well-established as a motor sportsman by 1913. In late June of that year he left for Elgin, Illinois, just outside of Chicago, to participate in the Elgin Motorcycle Race to be held on the Fourth of July.

This race was described as a 250-mile contest over an eight-mile course and was billed as the first nationally sanctioned motorcycle race and also the first 250-mile motorcycle race in the United States.

At the time of the Elgin race Sloop was riding a Reading- Standard cycle, specially built for him by the company in Reading, Pa. Mooresville's weekly newspaper, The Enterprise, noted, "Mr. Sloop is the only man from the South entering the [Elgin] races, so far, and we predict for him one or more of the capital prizes." First prize in the Elgin Race was $500 in gold and a two-foot-tall trophy, the “V Ray Cup.”

The Statesville Landmark carried more information about the coming race. "The Motorcycle, a magazine published in Springfield, Mass., in its latest issue, speaking of the unusually strong line-up for the national motorcycle race at Elgin, Ill., on July the Fourth, said, after giving a list of the most important entrants, ‘One of the latest entries to be received is from Mooresville, N.C., and is signed “Gray Sloop.” This entry puzzled the contest committee for some time and Chairman Hill was inclined to believe that someone had worked in a yacht by mistake until he looked into the matter. Then he learned that Gray Sloop is a youngster who sprang from nowhere this year and romped off with the motorcycle championship of North Carolina. Sloop will ride a Reading Standard machine in the Elgin race, and he is being talked of as a dark horse who is likely to spring surprises.’"  Sloop didn't win at Elgin, but that didn't stop him.

Motorcycle illustrated - June 1914

The race was won by a Texan, Charles "Fearless" Balke, who, with a blistering average speed of 55 mph over public roads, led an Indian Motorcycles sweep of the first five finishing positions. Out of 45 cyclists who had registered for the Elgin race, 43 began it and just ten completed it.

Sloop was not among those completing the course. According to a Chicago newspaper, Sloop had to make the eighth-mile qualifying run three times before he qualified, this due to brake malfunctions. His troubles continued during the actual race.  “Sloop dropped out of the race,” reported the paper, “in the twentieth lap, after breaking over ten chains on his machine. The chains were the cause of many falls of the different riders, none of whom were injured.”

On June 8, 1914, just short of his 23rd birthday, “Fearless” Balke was killed in an accident at the Hawthorne dirt track near Chicago. Motorcycle racing was a dangerous business.

Chicago Tribune - June 6, 1914

In early July of the next year Gray Sloop did very well in what was billed as the "Southern Championship Race" from Birmingham to Atlanta and back, an endurance race. 

Gray Sloop - July 1914
Chris Price@Georgia Motorcycle History
By this time Sloop was not only riding Harley-Davidson motorcycles, but he was also selling them in Mooresville.

Gray Sloop Harley-Davidson Ad
Mooresville, N.C. Enterprise - 1914

 Reported The Enterprise, "Mr. Gray Sloop returned Tuesday night from Birmingham, Ala., where he participated in the Fourth of July motorcycle races. He won not only first place, but the world's championship, making the total distance of 462 miles from Birmingham to Atlanta and return in 12 hours and 20 minutes. While in route he had twelve changes of tires and changed one wheel. His part of the prize money was considerable."

Entrants in the 1914 Birmingham Ledger Endurance Run
O. V. Hunt - 1914 

Later that same month Sloop and his modified Harley took on Charlotte's Archie Templeton, piloting an Indian motorbike, in a two-contestant, 226-mile race from Charlotte to Columbia, S.C., and back, for a $200 prize 
Templeton completed the second half of the race, about 113 miles, in 2 hours and 56 minutes, whereas Sloop had trouble with his French racing motor just four miles short of the finish line in downtown Charlotte.

It is interesting to note that both Templeton and Sloop were "on their own" when it came to avoiding speeding tickets, other traffic and other "unforeseen difficulties." At the Charlotte finish line, where about a thousand spectators had gathered, Templeton graciously remarked to Sloop, "Hard luck, old man. You raced a good race."  Sloop replied in kind, "Same back at you. A little hard luck on my part, but you deserve full glory for the race."
  
Next, we hear of Sloop as the big winner of the professional 50-mile race held on Labor Day, 1914, on the Isle of Palms, near Charleston, S.C. 

Gray Sloop - Isle of Palms, SC. - September 8, 1914
Chris Price@Georgia Motorcycle History

  "Riding against time on a Harley-Davidson," reported The Enterprise of September 10, 1914, "he rode one mile at the speed of 92 miles an hour. His winning time was 55 minutes and 45 seconds, with 20 hairpin turns, which gives him the championship of North and South Carolina."

Motorcycle Illustrated - September 17, 1914

It is a wonder that Sloop did so well, as about a week prior to the Isle of Palms race, Sloop was in an accident with his motorbike and two-horse surrey wagon in Mooresville. 
"Mr. Sloop," The Enterprise informed its readers, "was knocked senseless to the ground by the impact from the tongue of the surrey. His left arm struck the pole, and the muscles were cut pretty severely. While down, a horse stepped on his hip. "After regaining consciousness, Sloop somehow managed to get back on his cycle, which was relatively undamaged, and get medical help. The young man certainly had grit.

Harley-Davidson Ad featuring Gray Sloop
Bicycling World and Motorcycle Review - September 22, 1914

Sloop's last race was run on Thanksgiving Day, 1914. It was the Savannah 300 Road Race in Savannah, Georgia. This was only the second time the race had been held, and Sloop had ridden in the previous year’s race. 

Harley-Davidson Racing Team - 1914 Savannah 300 Mile Road Race
Bicycling World and Motorcycle Review - December 1, 1914

The course wound through the city and consisted of 27 laps of 11 miles. 

1913/14 Savannah 300 Race Course

Holding third place, Sloop had just completed the third lap when he lost control of his Harley, the same machine on which he had won the Isle of Palms Race and ran over a small embankment was hurled through the air. He broke his back, neck, hip and leg and was dead when assistance reached him.

Gray Sloop (right) on the backstretch shortly before his fatal crash
Bicycling World and Motorcycle Review - December 8, 1914

Thus ended the life of the 25-year-old motorcycle racing enthusiast from Iredell County.
Motorcycle Illustrated - November 26, 1914



  The Enterprise quoted a Savannah newspaper:

  "An examination made after the race showed a broken handlebar had been the cause of the accident which cost the life of Sloop. It was found Sloop had fallen on Norwood Avenue and cracked the right side of his handlebar. On Dale Avenue the bar had cracked completely off and Sloop entered the dangerous curve at Waters Road and Estill Avenue with only the left half of the handlebar to his machine. "When he ran into the rough ground, this caused him to lose control. He was thrown from his machine and went into the air. "When descending the back of his neck struck a guy wire with such force as to cause a fracture of the neck. He then dropped between the machine and the tree. During the investigation after the race the piece of broken handlebar which had fallen from Sloop's machine was found on Dale Avenue by members of the Harley-Davidson racing stable."
  
 His death fell like a pall over his hometown. Twenty-five young men of the town met the train carrying his body from Savannah to Charlotte and from the Queen City escorted his remains home to Mooresville. His grave in Willow Valley Cemetery was covered with flowers.

Gray Sloop's Headstone
Willow Valley Cemetery - Mooresville, N.C.

   "For many years he had been the dependence of his widowed mother and his [two] sisters, and the burden of grief falls heavy upon them," reported The Enterprise, which also referred to his handsome appearance, his affable and congenial spirit, and his simple life of purity and nobility.

His racing skills and potential in the new sport were known and admired to such an extent that an article reporting his demise was carried in the New York Times. 

New York Times - November 27, 1914
Although his name is unknown there today, Gray Sloop was the first to make Mooresville, “Race City, USA.”

Epilogue:

Zeddie Kelly of the Savannah Motorcycle Club, sponsor of the race, lead the first five laps of the race, when he stopped for a spark plug problem.  Kelly quickly reentered the race, but was severely injured on lap nineteen, when his Harley-Davidson left the track, and struck a tree. He died of his injuries the next day and was buried at laurel Grove Cemetery in Savannah.  Kelly's death brought the death toll of the race to two, and the bad publicity in newspapers around the country, led to the cancellation of a proposed 1915 race.

Savannah's Zeddie Kelly shortly before his fatal crash
Bicycling World and Motorcycle Review December 15, 1914

Wilmington, N.C. Morning star - November 28, 1914

About the Author:

O. C. Stonestreet, is an Iredell County, North Carolina native, is a Navy Veteran and a retired public-school history and social studies teacher. He lives in Statesville, N.C., with his wife Judy, and writes a regular column for the Statesville Record & Landmark newspaper. Mr. Stonestreet is also the author of They Called Iredell County Home, which is available through Amazon.com.



References:

      "Will Enter the Big Race" Mooresville Enterprise, June 5, 1913.
      "Will Enter Big Race" Mooresville Enterprise, June 26, 1913.
      "To Be in Motorcycle Race" The Landmark, June 27, 1913.
      "An Election Next Monday" The Landmark, July 1, 1913.
      Day, Donald S., "Balke, on Indian, Wins Elgin Race" The Inter-Ocean Newspaper (Chicago, Ill.), July 5, 1913.
      "Local Briefs" Mooresville Enterprise, July 10, 1913.
      "Won First Prize and World's Championship" The Landmark, July 10, 1914.
      "Gray Sloop Accepts Challenge" Mooresville Enterprise, July 23, 1914.
      "Archie Templeton Won Motorcycle Race from Gray Sloop" Mooresville Enterprise, July 30, 1914.
      "Motorcycle Collided with Surrey" The Landmark, September 1, 1914.
      "Motorcycle and Surrey Collided" Mooresville Enterprise, September 3, 1914.
      "Gray Sloop Wins Races at Charleston" Mooresville Enterprise, September 10, 1914.
      "Killed in Cycle Race" The New York Times, November 27, 1914.
      "Met Death in Savannah" The Landmark, November 27, 1914.
      "Lee Taylor Wins Motorcycle Race" Atlanta Constitution, November 28, 1914.
      "Instantly Killed at Savannah" Mooresville Enterprise, December 3, 1914.
      Stonestreet, O. C., "Gray Sloop: A Man Ahead of His Time" Mooresville Tribune, July 13, 2005.


Attachment Sources:

Bicycling World and Motorcycle Review

Chris Price@Georgia Motorcycle History

Mooresville, N. C. Enterprise

Motorcycle Illustrated

New York Times

O. C. Stonestreet Collection

Wilmington, N.C. Morning Star


Saturday, June 01, 2013

Jacksonville, Florida's Early Motorcycle Racing - Episode #14


June 1, 2013
Updated - July 19, 2019

By: David L. Morrill
@Deadly Dave's Blog
Sylacauga, Alabama

My readers are absolutely great! Recently Lexie Perry shared for of a piece of Jacksonville's early racing history. She rescued an old trunk that had been discarded to the curb. When she got it home, and began to look through it, she found this 1909 winner's medal.

Lexie Perry Collection




Lexie contacted me seeking information on her rare find, and I was able to share the story behind the medal with her, which raises as many questions, as it answers.  Thank you so very much Lexie, for saving this rare piece of Jacksonville Racing History!

Jacksonville Florida's Early Motorcycle Racers - Episode #14

It appears the first motorcycle race in Jacksonville, Florida was held by the Jacksonville Motorcycle Club on the beach course at Pablo Beach on September 16, 1909. It listed the winner of the 50 Mile race as J. McGraw of Jacksonville on a Thor Motorcycle.

Bicycling World and Motorcycle Review - September 23, 1909

This is interesting, as the winner's medal Lexie Perry found lists A. L. Terry was the winner. The medal appears to be authentic, and it maybe that the motorcycling press got it wrong. This was not uncommon in their coverage of early local racing.

Lexie Perry Collection

By the closing months of 1909, Jacksonville, Florida had a burgeoning motorcycle community supported by several motorcycle dealers.



Harley-Davidson Racing Team - Jonathan Yerkes (second from left)
 1914 Savannah 300 - Chris Price@ArchiveMoto


Jonathan Yerkes was a member of a prominent Jacksonville family. His grandfather owned the Florida Hardware Store in Jacksonville, and Jonathan worked there. Young Yerkes developed a keen interest in motorcycles and racing.  By 1910, he had been elected President of the Jacksonville Motorcycle Club. In December 1910, an announcement appeared Bicycling World and Motorcycle Review stating Yerkes and his club secretary, Francis Engle, were leaving for an extended motorcycle tour of Europe.

Motorcycle Illustrated - December 1910

Motorcycle racing had become very popular in Jacksonville. A. Stoddard, the new President of the motorcycle club, lobbied hard for the inclusion of motorcycle classes in Jacksonville Speed Carnival held on Pablo Beach. The annual April race was similar to speed runs held at Daytona Beach and was run along the beach at low tide.

The officials of the Speed Carnival at first stated, "there would be no motorcycle classes" in the Speed Carnival. They changed their minds just a month before the event, requiring the Jacksonville Motorcycle Club to get a Federation of American Motorcyclists (F.A.M.) sanction for the event, and handle all the necessary arrangements for the motorcycle classes. The sanction was obtained, and motorcycle classes were added to the event.

Bicycling World and Motorcycle Review - January 28, 1911

Yerkes, on a Thor motorcycle, won the 5 Mile Race for private owners riding single cylinder motorcycles. He followed up his win with second, and third place finishes in the days remaining motorcycle events.


Pablo Beach, Florida Beach Course
Bicycling World and Motorcycle Review - April 8, 1911
Yerkes next event was in the motorcycle class of the Atlantic Beach, Florida Automobile Meet. He finished second in the 5 Mile Private Owners Race.


Frank Herbert "Bert" Camplejohn grew up with his brother Charles in Jacksonville, Florida. By 1911, Bert was a motorcycle mechanic, and had developed an interest in tuning and racing his motorcycles.

Savannah 300 Road Race 
Motorcycle Illustrated - December 3, 1914

Camplejohn first appeared in the national racing press competing at Atlantic Beach , Florida. Motorcycle races of the time often took place on holidays to attract more racers and large crowds of spectators. Camplejohn, riding an Indian, took second in the Independence Day Ten Mile twin cylinder race.

On Thanksgiving Day, the Jacksonville Motorcycle Club held races at Montcrief Park. Camplejohn rode a Reading Standard motorcycle to a win in the 5-mile private owners' race.

The following month Bert, and his brother Charles, announced the opening of the Camplejohn Brothers Bicycle and Motorcycle repair shop in Jacksonville.

Both Yerkes and Camplejohn continued honing their racing skills in events around Florida. Yerkes was the more successful and was referred to as "Jacksonville's Champion".

1913 Savannah 300

In mid 1913, the Federation of American Motorcyclists announced the Savannah Motorcycle Club had obtained a sanction for a motorcycle road race to be held on Christmas Day 1913.

Savannah 300 Road Race Course

The course used a shortened 11.25-mile version of the original 26-mile Savannah American Grand Prize Vanderbuilt Cup Course, which hosted automobile races from 1908 until 1911. This course was made up of public roadways in and around Savannah.

The 1913 race, known as the American Classic, was scheduled for Christmas Day and would be 300 miles in length.  The race attracted top riders from around the country, and both Yerkes and  Camplejohn entered. Rain delayed the race until December 27th.

The Automobile Journal
December 1913

Camplejohn rode a Thor, and Yerkes chose to ride an Excelsior. Yerkes arrived in Savannah late, and lined up for the start of the race, after just one hour of practice.  At the end of the grueling 27 lap 5 hour race event, Bob Perry - Excelsior was shown in the lead, Maldwyn Jones - Merkel was second, Bert Camplejohn  - Thor was third, and Jonathan Yerkes - Excelsior was close behind in fourth.

1913 Savannah 300 Road Race Results
Automobile Journal - December 1913

Cincinnati Enquirer - December 28, 1913
A controversy surrounded the race results. Perry was given the trophy and the $500. in prize money. It was then announced the Merkel Factory Representative had filed a protest challenging the results. The protest alleged Jones had been shorted one lap during a pit stop.


Atlanta Constitution - December 28, 1913

A recheck of the scoring revealed Jones was indeed in the lead at the end of the race, but the protest was disallowed because it had not been filed within one hour of the end of the race. The Savannah Motorcycle Club was severely criticized in the press for their sloppy handling of the race.

1914 Savannah 300

For the 1914 race, Bert Camplejohn was one of four riders chosen for the Excelsior Motorcycle Company factory team.

#8 - Bert Camplejohn
Bicycling World and Motorcycle Review - December 1, 1914

The Harley-Davidson Factory decided to send a team to Savannah. They would ride the new "Stripped Stock " 11K Racers developed by team engineer Bill Ottaway. This was the first appearance of a full Harley racing team, since their disappointing initial outing in the Dodge City 300 Mile Race in July.

Harley-Davidson Riders - Practice for Savannah 300 Road Race
Motorcycle Illustrated - December 3, 1914

Following the Dodge City race, Harley sent a single rider, Leslie "Red" Parkhurst, to the FAM National Championship Race in Birmingham. Alabama. Parkhurst won the race, surviving post-race protests lodged by Indian, and Excelsior.

Parkhurst was determined to be the winner, and the positive press convinced Harley-Davidson to send a full team of riders to the Savannah 300. Jonathan Yerkes was chosen to be one of the six factory riders riding for Harley Davidson in the 1914 Savannah 300.

Harley-Davidson Racing team - Savannah 300 Road Race
Bicycle World and Motorcycle Review - December 8, 1914


Harley-Davidson 11K Racer

Prior to the running of the 1914 race, F.A.M. officials announced the race would be under their direct control to assure proper rules and scoring. During the practice sessions for the 1914 race, the course was not closed to public vehicle traffic.

There were also packs of stray dogs wondering onto the track.  Rider Mud Gardner struck a stray dog and went down. He was struck by Bill Brier and Al Stratton. Brier was the most seriously injured, having been taken to the hospital, for a crippled hand and a head wound. Both Brier and Gardner were unable to compete in the race. A complaint was made to the Savannah City Fathers, and motorcycle mounted Sheriff's Officers dispatched several of the offending K9s, with pistol fire.

Shortly after practice resumed, Camplejohn was involved in an accident with a local automobile driver, who pulled onto the course in front of him. In describing the event, The Bicycling and Motorcycle Review stated:

"Then Bert Camplejohn wanted to see if he could cut an automobile in two and nearly did it. Fortunately, he escaped serious injury, but what he did get was sufficient to keep him out."

Getting knocked out of the race may have been a blessing for Camplejohn.


Thirty-two riders pulled numbers and started the 300-mile race on November 25, 1914. Tragedy struck on lap three, when Mooresville, N.C. rider Gray Sloop left the course in a high-speed corner, hit a tree, and was killed instantly. This happened in full view of a large group of spectators, including children.

Motorcycle Illustrated - December 3, 1914


New York Times - November 26, 1914
Later in the race, Savannah rider Zeddie Kelly crashed and was seriously injured. He died of his injuries the next day. 

#3 Zeddie Kelly - 1914 Savannah 300
The Bicycling World and Motorcycle Review - December 15, 1914
Five hours, after the race started, Indian rider Lee Taylor, crossed the start/finish line as the winner Jonathan Yerkes finished the race in sixth place.

Raleigh, NC. News and Observer - January 14, 1914




When an article concerning the deaths appeared in the New York Times, City Fathers decided the annual event would not take place in 1915. They had received numerous complaints from local citizens about road closures, and the dog massacre.

Jonathan Yerkes 6th place finish was mentioned in a Bosch magneto ad that appeared in the December 1, 1914, edition of The Bicycling World and Motorcycle Review.


Bosch Magneto Ad - 1914 Savannah 300

With the demise of the Savannah 300, Bert Camplejohn and Jonathan Yerkes faded from the motorcycle press. Certainly, the loss of such a prestigious nationally sanctioned race just a couple hours travel time from Jacksonville, limited their competition on the national stage.

Camplejohn continued to work on motorcycles, and his 1917 draft registration for World War 1, lists motorcycle mechanic as his occupation.                                                                                            


The Savannah 300 went down in motorcycle racing history as one of the legendary races. Bert Camplejohn, Jonathan Yerkes, and all the other competitors in the two Savannah 300s faced deadly hazards with every lap. The loss of riders Gray Sloop and Zeddie Kelly only reinforces the peril they faced. They should not be forgotten.

Author's Note:

The State of Georgia erected an Historic Marker commemorating the earlier Savannah Automobile Racecourse.

Georgia State Historic Marker - Savannah, GA.

It was erected in the area of the old grandstand section of the course, close to the spot where Gray Sloop was killed. It makes no mention of the two years of the Savannah 300 Motorcycle Road Race, or the deaths of Gray Sloop and Savannah native Zeddie Kelly.

Sources:

Ancestry.com

Atlanta Constitution

Automobile Journal

Bicycling World and Motorcycle Review

Chris Price@ ArchiveMoto

Cincinnati Enquirer

Johnny Whitsett Collection

Lexie Perry Collection

Motorcycle Illustrated

State of Georgia

New York Times

Wikipedia.org

Doug Yerkes